Giving "V n n" construction
Form
NP
Donor
Verb
NP
Recipient
NP
Theme
Examples
Donor
He
Verb
gave
Recipient
her
Theme
[a gold sovereign and a bottle of champagne]
as a farewell present.
Donor
[The Government]
Verb
lent
Recipient
[the party]
Theme
[six camels.]
Donor
We
Verb
[had to pay]
Recipient
Aberdeen
Theme
[a fairly hefty ground rent.]
Meaning
A Donor transfers a Theme to a Recipient.
Roles
Donor
The person that begins in possession of the Theme and causes it to be in the possession of the Recipient.
Recipient
The entity that ends up in possession of the Theme.
Theme
The object that changes ownership.
Frames
Description
This construction describes events of giving, in which a Donor causes a Theme to be in the possession of a Recipient. Typically, the Donor transfers the Theme directly to the Recipient, in that the Donor is initially in possession of the Theme, and following the transfer the Donor no longer has the Theme and the Recipient does. Depending on the verb, the construction also covers cases which detracts from the 'ideal' giving scenario, such as the following: (i) the Donor is not initially in possession of the Theme but merely enables its transfer to the Recipient from an unidentified source (e.g. grant), (ii) the Theme is not necessarily transferred but is merely made available for the Recipient to have (e.g. offer), (iii) the Theme is to be transferred at a future point in time (e.g. bequeath, owe). The Theme can be either a physical object or an abstract entity that can be construed as possession (i.e. something that one can 'have'), such as feelings and emotions (e.g. satisfaction), states and situations (e.g. victory, task), etc.
Inherits from
Sub-constructions
Lexical items ( Verb slot)
Supply
afford
A skylight affords you a dazzling nighttime view.
Repayment
pay back
You will pay them back the cost of your lodging.
Renting_out
lease
Pye eventually agreed to lease me a small factory in Watford.
Offering
offer
Dreamworks offered Fugazi an incredible amount of money.
proffer
Someone proffered me a scruffy black paper kippa.
Lending
lend
The Government lent the party six camels.
loan
Jeremy loaned me records and books.
Imposing_obligation
assign
Mortimer had assigned everyone positions for the operation.
Giving
give
The contract will give Graham an important foothold in the Dutch market.
give back
We have to give the shareholders back some of their money.
accord
They accorded him warm applause at the end.
advance
I'll advance you the money for it.
allocate
They could allocate each user 100 meg of raw storage.
allot
Esskay had allotted him a small portion of the office sofa.
assign
Their work unit will assign them their own apartment.
award
She awarded Boeing a $4 billion contract.
bequeath
He has bequeathed us a readymade world.
feed
They fed me a sandwich each day.
hand
She handed me a letter.
hand back
She handed him back the microphone.
grant
CFL granted Ottawa an expansion franchise.
leave
Tory left him a note.
slip
I think she must have slipped Bob some coke.
sneak
Grandma Lyne sneaks them lollies.
spare
I'm sure you can spare me a few moments of your time .
serve
Rachel serves Mark a sensuous spaghetti carbonara.
spoon-feed
A lot of music seems to me to spoon-feed you all the ideas.
vouchsafe
Eric gritted his teeth and vouchsafed them a few more drops.
Commitment
promise
Whitehall had promised him the promotion.
Commerce_sell
sell
My husband sold you a car.
Commerce_pay
pay
We had to pay Aberdeen a fairly hefty ground rent.
tip
Olive tipped him ten shillings.
refund
The broker will refund you the bulk of the initial charge.
Lexical items without a frame:
owe
You owe America real answers about what happened.
Phraseological constructions
Let me stand you an aperitif.
If you dealt him a bad hand in poker, he'd fold.
She bore him a son.
She shot Tom a glance.
Holly flashed the technician a smile.