Giving "V n n" construction

Form

NP
Donor
Verb
NP
Recipient
NP
Theme

Examples

Donor He
Verb gave
Recipient her
Theme [a gold sovereign and a bottle of champagne]
as a farewell present.
Donor [The Government]
Verb lent
Recipient [the party]
Theme [six camels.]
Donor We
Verb [had to pay]
Recipient Aberdeen
Theme [a fairly hefty ground rent.]

Meaning

A Donor transfers a Theme to a Recipient.

Roles

Donor
The person that begins in possession of the Theme and causes it to be in the possession of the Recipient.
Recipient
The entity that ends up in possession of the Theme.
Theme
The object that changes ownership.

Frames

Giving ( Donor, Recipient, Theme )

Description

This construction describes events of giving, in which a Donor causes a Theme to be in the possession of a Recipient. Typically, the Donor transfers the Theme directly to the Recipient, in that the Donor is initially in possession of the Theme, and following the transfer the Donor no longer has the Theme and the Recipient does. Depending on the verb, the construction also covers cases which detracts from the 'ideal' giving scenario, such as the following: (i) the Donor is not initially in possession of the Theme but merely enables its transfer to the Recipient from an unidentified source (e.g. grant), (ii) the Theme is not necessarily transferred but is merely made available for the Recipient to have (e.g. offer), (iii) the Theme is to be transferred at a future point in time (e.g. bequeath, owe). The Theme can be either a physical object or an abstract entity that can be construed as possession (i.e. something that one can 'have'), such as feelings and emotions (e.g. satisfaction), states and situations (e.g. victory, task), etc.

Inherits from

Sub-constructions

Lexical items ( Verb slot)

Supply afford A skylight affords you a dazzling nighttime view. Repayment pay back You will pay them back the cost of your lodging. Renting_out lease Pye eventually agreed to lease me a small factory in Watford. Offering offer Dreamworks offered Fugazi an incredible amount of money. proffer Someone proffered me a scruffy black paper kippa. Lending lend The Government lent the party six camels. loan Jeremy loaned me records and books. Imposing_obligation assign Mortimer had assigned everyone positions for the operation. Giving give The contract will give Graham an important foothold in the Dutch market. give back We have to give the shareholders back some of their money. accord They accorded him warm applause at the end. advance I'll advance you the money for it. allocate They could allocate each user 100 meg of raw storage. allot Esskay had allotted him a small portion of the office sofa. assign Their work unit will assign them their own apartment. award She awarded Boeing a $4 billion contract. bequeath He has bequeathed us a readymade world. feed They fed me a sandwich each day. hand She handed me a letter. hand back She handed him back the microphone. grant CFL granted Ottawa an expansion franchise. leave Tory left him a note. slip I think she must have slipped Bob some coke. sneak Grandma Lyne sneaks them lollies. spare I'm sure you can spare me a few moments of your time . serve Rachel serves Mark a sensuous spaghetti carbonara. spoon-feed A lot of music seems to me to spoon-feed you all the ideas. vouchsafe Eric gritted his teeth and vouchsafed them a few more drops. Commitment promise Whitehall had promised him the promotion. Commerce_sell sell My husband sold you a car. Commerce_pay pay We had to pay Aberdeen a fairly hefty ground rent. tip Olive tipped him ten shillings. refund The broker will refund you the bulk of the initial charge. Lexical items without a frame: owe You owe America real answers about what happened.

Phraseological constructions

Let me stand you an aperitif.
If you dealt him a bad hand in poker, he'd fold.
She bore him a son.
She shot Tom a glance.
Holly flashed the technician a smile.