Cause_change "V n to n" construction
Form
NP
Agent
Verb
NP
Patient
to
NP
Final_state
Examples
Agent
He
will
Verb
change
Patient
[his name]
to
to
Final_state
Jack.
Agent
[Snow showers]
can
Verb
reduce
Patient
visibility
to
to
Final_state
[a few yards.]
Agent
[These three wars]
will
Verb
swell
Patient
[the national debts]
to
to
Final_state
[the amount of 170 millions.]
Meaning
An Agent causes an Entity to change to a Final_state.
Roles
Agent
The person or thing that effects a change in the Entity.
Patient
The abstract or concrete thing or situation that the Agent causes to change.
Final_state
The category that the Entity belongs to, or the value that it or one of its attributes assumes after it has undergone the change.
Frames
Description
This construction expresses change of state events, either a change of category (e.g. convert, turn) or a change in value (e.g. increase, reduce). Note that in the case of 'keep', the verb lexicalises the absence of change.
Inherits from
Sub-constructions
Lexical items ( Verb slot)
Rejuvenation
restore
It's not a happiness pill, it just restores you to to some sort of normality.
Commutation
commute
The Head of State commuted the sentences to 15 years' imprisonment.
Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale
decrease
Both mutants decrease transcription of the reporter gene to approximately 50% of the non-mutated, wild type DNA values.
demote
It would have the effect of demoting physics to a branch of psychology.
drop
To help them I dropped the touring commission to 10 per cent.
increase
You can increase the abdominal repetitions to any number you like as long as 3 sets are performed.
keep
That way you will keep stress to a minimum.
lower
Kattina lowered her voice to a whisper.
promote
None
raise
Such zoning can raise the price of land to as much as 40 per cent of the cost of a house.
reduce
Beware of snow showers, because they can reduce visibility to a few yards, making a safe landing impossible.
swell
These three wars will swell the national debts to the amount of 170 millions.
cut down
By sticking to just one biscuit instead of four Nicky could cut the total calories down to 1,850.
Cause_change
change
He failed the end of year exams after the first year and changed his subject to sociology.
convert
The firm has also brazenly converted redundant pubs to café-bar concepts.
turn
The sound turned my blood to ice.
abbreviate
I hope my classicist friends will forgive me if I abbreviate mimeme to meme.
narrow down
I narrowed the possibilities down to five.
shorten
My parents call me Bunny and shorten it to B.
whittle down
I have whittled my own shortlist down to four models.
Lexical items without a frame:
elevate
In 1924 he began a programme of sponsorship aimed at elevating the Persian rug industry to levels of excellence that had not been seen since the Golden Age of the 16th and 17th centuries.
relegate
He had relegated the match to part of a bigger event.
turn over
Thousands of farmers have turned over good irrigated land to tree farming.
upgrade
The university upgraded her job to dean of admissions in 1986.
round off
round up
round down
Phraseological constructions
Michael Moore's David-and-Goliath commentaries cut conservative bigwigs down to size.
He braked the carryall to a halt.
The cool threat chilled her to the bone.
In the 13thC the Crusaders razed all the mosques to the ground.
He has set 20 poems by Allen Ginsberg to music.
He seldom committed any of his designs to paper.
The Out Islands do not commit their history to writing.
Ravi committed the E-mail to memory, erased it from the computer.
I very soon committed his busy weekly schedule to memory.